Iyini iPushing Visa?

Ukuphusha amaVisarefer kushintsho oluyinkimbinkimbi futhi olushintsha ngokushesha emnothweni womhlaba kanye nesimo sobuchwepheshe esiqhuba isidingo samavisa amazwe ngamazwe futhi silolonga kabusha inqubo yokufaka isicelo sevisa. Leli gama lingabukwa ngamaengeli amaningana, ngalinye ligqamisa isici esihlukile sezingcindezi ezithinta izinhlelo zamavisa namuhla—noma ngabe lezo zingcindezi ziqhutshwa ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, izitayela zokufuduka, intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, noma ngisho nokushintshashintsha kwezindawo zezombusazwe. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izinto eziningi ezinomthelela ekwenyukeni kwesidingo samavisa, ukuguqulwa kwezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zamavisa, kanye nemithelela kubahambi, abokufika, kanye namazwe abamba iqhaza.

1. Ukuhwebelana Kwembulunga yonke kanye Nokuhamba Kwemingcele Yamazwe

Ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu eziphusha isidingo samavisa esikhathini samanje. Ngokudlondlobala kwezohwebo, ezentengiselwano, nokuxhumana kwamanye amazwe, kuye kudingeke ukuba abantu bawele imingcele ngenxa yezizathu ezihlukahlukene—kungaba ezomsebenzi, imfundo, ezokuvakasha, noma ukuhlanganisa imikhaya. Lokhu kunyakaza kwabantu okungakaze kubonwe kuholele ekwandeni kwezicelo zamavisa emhlabeni wonke.

Ukuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe kwamabhizinisi kunyuse kakhulu isidingo samavisa ahlobene nomsebenzi. Izinkampani ezisebenza emhlabeni wonke ngokuvamile zidinga ukuthumela abasebenzi bazo emazweni ahlukene ukuze bathole ukuqeqeshwa, izingxoxo zebhizinisi, noma izabelo zesikhathi eside. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhuphuka kwezinkampani zamazwe ngamazwe (MNCs) kuholele esidingweni esikhulayo sochwepheshe abanamakhono abakwazi ukuhamba ngaphandle komthungo beqa imingcele ukuze bafeze izindima ezithile. Amazwe afuna ukuheha ithalente lamakhono aphezulu avame ukulungisa izinqubomgomo zawo zamavisa ukuze avumelane nabasebenzi bomhlaba wonke, ethula izikimu zamavisa asheshayo ezimbonini ezifana nezobuchwepheshe nobunjiniyela.

Isibonelo, amazwe afana neCanada neGermany asebenzise amasu okuthuthela kwelinye izwe ukuze ahehe ochwepheshe emikhakheni ebalulekile, njengobuchwepheshe bolwazi nokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ngokunikeza izinqubo ezilula zokufaka isicelo sevisa noma izinketho zokuba ngumhlali unomphela. Ukucindezela kwethalente lomhlaba kunomthelela ngqo kuzinqubomgomo zamavisa futhi kukhulisa ingcindezi emazweni ukuthi avumelane nezimfuno zebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe.

Imboni yezokuvakasha ingomunye umshayeli obalulekile wesidingo samavisa. Emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, izindleko zokuhamba ngendiza zehlile, futhi ukutholakala kolwazi mayelana nezindawo zomhlaba wonke kunyukile ngenxa yeinthanethi. Ngenxa yalokho, abantu abaningi bahambela amazwe ngamazwe ngezinjongo zokungcebeleka nezamabhizinisi. Ukusabela, amazwe kuye kwadingeka alungise kabusha izinqubomgomo zawo zamavisa ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokutheleka kwezivakashi kuyilapho eqinisekisa ukuphepha emngceleni.

Amavisa abafundi nawo amele ingxenye enkulu yezicelo zevisa zamazwe ngamazwe. Njengoba abafundi abaningi befuna amathuba emfundo ephakeme phesheya, amanyuvesi namakolishi emhlabeni wonke abhekene nokuthutheleka kwabafundi bakwamanye amazwe. Amazwe anezikhungo zemfundo ezidumile, njengeUnited States, United Kingdom, neAustralia, avame ukudala izinhlelo zamavisa eziklanyelwe ukuheha abafundi bamazwe ngamazwe, okubavumela ukuthi bafunde futhi, kwezinye izimo, bahlale ezweni ngemva kokuphothula iziqu.

2. Ukufuduka kanye Nokunyakaza Kwababaleki

Ukufuduka kwabantu beqa imingcele ngenxa yezimo zezenhlalomnotho, ukungazinzi kwezombusazwe, nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubangele ukwanda kwesidingo samavisa, ikakhulukazi indawo yokukhosela kanye nesimo sababaleki. Izingxabano ezifundeni ezifana neMpumalanga Ephakathi, iAfrika, kanye nezingxenye zeCentral America ziye zaholela ekufudukeni kwabantu abaningi, abaningi befuna isiphephelo emazweni azinzile.

Amazwe amatasatasa ngokuthi angasisingatha kanjani lesi sibalo sababaleki kanye nabafuna ukukhoseliswa. Amazwe amaningi asungule izigaba ezithile zamavisa ukuze kuhlaliswe abantu ababalekela izingxabano, ushushiso, noma izinhlekelele zemvelo. Nokho, ukucindezela kulezi zinhlelo kube kukhulu. Njengoba izingxabano kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo zikhula emhlabeni wonke, isidingo samavisa ababaleki kanye namavisa okusiza abantu sizoqhubeka nokukhula, okuphoqelela ohulumeni ukuba bakhe izinqubomgomo ezibanzi.

Ukufuduka kwezomnotho nakho kunomthelela ekwandeni kwezicelo zevisa. Abantu abavela emazweni asathuthuka noma ezindaweni ezinokuntuleka kwemisebenzi okuphakeme bavame ukufuna umsebenzi emazweni athuthuke kakhulu lapho amaholo ephakeme khona namathuba emaningi. Lo mkhuba ugqame kakhulu ezifundeni ezifana neEuropean Union, lapho inkululeko yokuhamba yezakhamizi zeEU ikhuthaze ukufuduka ezwenikazi. Kodwake, ezakhamuzini ezingezona ezeEU, ukufuduka kwezomnotho ngokuvamile kudinga ivisa, futhi ohulumeni baya ngokuya bengaphansi kwengcindezi yokulawula ukugeleza kwabasebenzi emnothweni wabo.

3. Intuthuko Yezobuchwepheshe kanye Nokufakwa Kwedijithali Kwezinqubo ZeVisa

Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe iguqule ngokuphawulekayo isimo sezicelo zevisa, kokubili kucindezela isidingo samavisa kanye nokulolonga kabusha indlela abantu abawafakela ngayo. Ukuzenzakalela, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, kanye nokuhlaziya idatha enkulu kwenze ohulumeni bakwazi ukucubungula izicelo zevisa ngokushesha nangokuvikelekile.

Amazwe amaningi asebenzise amasistimu evisa kagesi (ievisa), avumela abafake izicelo ukuthi bafake izicelo futhi bathole amavisa kuinthanethi ngaphandle kokudinga ukuvakashela inxusa noma inxusa. Amaevisa enziwe lula inqubo yokufaka isicelo, anciphisa izikhathi zokulinda futhi anciphisa umsebenzi wamaphepha. Ukutholakala kwamaevisa kwenze kwaba lula kubahambi ukuthi bafake izicelo, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise inani labantu abafuna amavisa ngezinjongo zohambo lwesikhashana noma ezokuvakasha.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuzenzakalela kanye nokufunda komshini buyasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa isivinini nokunemba kokucutshungulwa kwevisa. Ohulumeni manje sebengakwazi ukucubungula izicelo eziningi ngempumelelo enkulu, besebenzisa amaalgorithms ukuze baqinisekise ubuqiniso bamadokhumenti, bahlole amarekhodi obugebengu, futhi baqinisekise ukuthi abafake izicelo bayahlangabezana nemibandela yokufaneleka. Lokhu kusebenza kahle okukhulayo kuvumela izicelo eziningi ukuthi zicutshungulwe ngesikhathi esifushane, okuqhubekisela phambili isidingo samavisa.

Ngenkathi ubuchwepheshe buye benza izicelo zevisa zifinyeleleke kakhudlwana, bukhulise nokubhekwa kwabahambi. Amazwe amaningi manje adinga idatha yebiometric, njengezigxivizo zeminwe noma izikena zeretina, njengengxenye yenqubo yokufaka isicelo sevisa. Lezi zinhlelo zebiometric zenzelwe ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha emngceleni ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi abanikazi bevisa bayilabo abathi bayikho kanye nokuvimbela ukukhwabanisa kwamavisa. Nakuba lokhu kuthuthukise ukuphepha nokuvikeleka kwezinhlelo zamavisa, kuphinde kwengeza izingqimba eziyinkimbinkimbi enqubweni yokufaka isicelo, okuphusha ohulumeni ukuthi baqhubeke bebuyekeza ubuchwepheshe babo ukuze bahambisane nezinsongo zokuphepha zomhlaba wonke.

4. Izici zeGeopolitical kanye nezinqubomgomo zeVisa ezishintshayo

Isimo sezepolitiki somhlaba sidlala indima ebalulekile ekubumbeni izinqubomgomo zevisa, lapho ukungezwani kwezepolitiki kanye nobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe buvame ukuba nomthelela ekutheni kube lula noma kube nzima ukuthola ivisa. Amazwe anobudlelwano obungebuhle bezokuxhumana angase abeke izimfuneko eziqinile zevisa noma amise ukukhishwa kwamavisa ngokuphelele, kuyilapho amanye engase angene ezivumelwaneni zamazwe amabili noma amazwe amaningi ukuze kube lula ukuhamba phakathi kwamazwe.

Izijeziso kanye nokungezwani kwezepolitiki phakathi kwamazwe kungaba nomthelela oqondile kuzinqubomgomo zevisa. Isibonelo, ngezikhathi zokungezwani kwezokuxhumana, njengezingxabano zezohwebo phakathi kweUnited States neChina, ukukhishwa kwevisa kwezigaba ezithile zabahambi kungancishiswa. Ngokufanayo, amazwe abhekene nezijeziso zamazwe ngamazwe angase abe izakhamuzi zawo zivinjelwe ukuya ezifundeni ezithile, okukhawulela ukufinyelela kwazo kumavisa.

Ngokuphambene, amazwe anobudlelwano obuqinile bezokusebenzela angase angene ezivumelwaneni zokuhoxiswa kwevisa, ezivumela izakhamuzi ukuthi zihambe ngaphandle kwesidingo sevisa. Izivumelwano ezinjalo zivamile phakathi kwezizwe ezinezintshisekelo ezabiwe zezomnotho noma zokuphepha, njengaseEuropean Union's Schengen Area noma phakathi kweAustralia neNew Zealand.

Izinqubomgomo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe zivame ukuba ngaphansi kwezinguquko zezepolitiki zasekhaya. Emazweni lapho ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe sekuyinkinga enkulu, ohulumeni bangase babeke izimfuneko eziqinile zamavisa ukuze kukhawulwe inani labantu bangaphandle abangena ezweni. Lokhu kuvame ukuhlelwa njengesinyathelo sokuvikela ukuphepha kwezwe noma ukuvikela imisebenzi yasendaweni yezakhamuzi. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, amazwe amaningana, okuhlanganisa neUnited States, ethule izinqubomgomo ezivimbelayo zokuthuthela kwelinye izwe, ezibeka uphenyo oluphakeme ezicelweni zamavisa, ikakhulukazi emazweni athathwa njengengcuphe yezokuphepha.

5. Umthelela weCOVID19 Ezinqubweni ZeVisa

Ubhubhane lweCOVID19 lube nomthelela omkhulu kuzinqubomgomo nezinqubo zamavisa emhlabeni jikelele. Imikhawulo yokuhamba, ukuvalwa kwezindawo, nokuvalwa kwemingcele phakathi nalolu bhubhane kuholele ekumisweni kwesikhashana kokuhamba kwamanye amazwe, kwanciphisa kakhulu ukukhishwa kwamavisa amasha. Njengoba amazwe eqala ukululama kulolu bhubhane, izinhlelo zamavisa zingaphansi kwengcindezi yokuthi zivumelane nemithetho emisha yezempilo kanye nokucubungula ukusalela emuva kwezicelo.

Ngenxa yalolu bhubhane, amazwe amaningi ethule izidingo zevisa ezihlobene nempilo, okuhlanganisa nobufakazi bokugoma noma imiphumela yokuhlolwa engemihle yeCOVID19. Lezi zimiso zezempilo kulindeleke ukuthi zihlale zikhona esikhathini esizayo, zengeze izendlalelo ezintsha ohlelweni lokufaka isicelo sevisa. Abahambi manje badinga ukuzulazula kokubili izidingo ezijwayelekile zamavisa kanye nezitifiketi zezempilo ezengeziwe, okwenza inqubo ibe nzima kakhulu futhi idle isikhathi.

6. Imithelela Yezomnotho Yezinhlelo ZeVisa

Amasistimu eVisa adlala indima ebalulekile ekulolongeni izimo zezomnotho zeboamazwe akhipha amavisa kanye nalawo izakhamuzi zawo eziwafunayo. Lezi zinhlelo zilawula ukuhamba kwabasebenzi, izivakashi, abafundi, nochwepheshe bezamabhizinisi, ezinomthelela ezimbonini, izimakethe zezabasebenzi, nezimo zezomnotho ezibanzi. Imithelela yezomnotho yezinqubomgomo zamavisa ingaba nkulu, ibe nomthelela kuyo yonke into kusukela ekutholakaleni kwabasebenzi abanamakhono kuya ekukhuleni kwezimboni ezithembele ohambweni lwamazwe ngamazwe.

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu izinqubomgomo zevisa ezithinta ngayo umnotho iwukulawula ukufinyelela ezimakethe zezabasebenzi. Amazwe emhlabeni jikelele athembele kubasebenzi bokufika ukuze bavale izikhala ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene, ikakhulukazi lezo ezidinga ochwepheshe abanamakhono aphezulu noma abasebenzi abanamakhono aphansi. Ngakhoke, izinqubomgomo zeVisa zinomthelela ngqo ekutholakaleni kwabasebenzi kanye, ngokwengeza, nempilo yemikhakha yezomnotho eyahlukene.

Amazwe afana neUnited States, Canada, neAustralia anezinhlelo zamavisa eziklanyelwe ukuheha abasebenzi abanekhono eliphezulu. Laba basebenzi, abavame ukuqashwa ezimbonini ezifana nezobuchwepheshe, ezokunakekelwa kwezempilo, nezobunjiniyela, babalulekile ekuqhubekiseni phambili amasu amasha kanye nokugcina ukuncintisana emnothweni womhlaba. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwevisa lwaseU.S. H1B lwenzelwe ukuheha ochwepheshe abanekhono, ikakhulukazi embonini yezobuchwepheshe, lapho kunesidingo esikhulu sonjiniyela, onjiniyela, nochwepheshe beIT. Ngokufanayo, iGlobal Talent Stream yaseCanada ihlinzeka ngokucutshungulwa kwamavisa okusheshayo kubaqashi abaqasha izisebenzi zezobuchwepheshe ezifunwa kakhulu.

Lezi zinhlelo zamavisa zibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuqamba izinto ezintsha kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe. Izinkampani eziningi zobuchwepheshe ezihamba phambili emhlabeni, ezihlanganisa iGoogle, iMicrosoft, neApple, zinenani elikhulu labasebenzi abaseU.S. ngamavisa eH1B. Ngokuheha ithalente emhlabeni wonke, amazwe angathuthukisa ukuncintisana kwawo kwezomnotho futhi akhuthaze ukukhula kwezimboni ezibalulekile.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwespectrum, izimboni eziningi zithembele kubasebenzi bokufika abanamakhono aphansi, ikakhulukazi kwezolimo, ezokwakha, nezinkonzo zasekhaya. Amazwe anabantu asebekhulile, njengeJapan kanye namazwe amaningi aseNtshonalanga Yurophu, abhekene nokushoda kwezisebenzi kule mikhakha, futhi imigomo yamavisa ngokuvamile ibonisa isidingo sokuheha abasebenzi ukuba bagcwalise lezi zindima.

Isibonelo, eUnited States, uhlelo lwevisa lweH2A luvumela abaqashi ukuthi baqashe abasebenzi bezolimo bangaphandle okwesikhashana. Ngaphandle kwezinhlelo ezinjalo zamavisa, amapulazi amaningi abengathwala kanzima ukuvuna izitshalo, okuholela emananini aphezulu okudla kanye nokuphazamiseka komnotho. Ngokufanayo, amazwe amaningi aseMpumalanga Ephakathi athembele kubasebenzi bakwamanye amazwe ukuthi bagcwalise izindima zokwakha kanye nezinkonzo zasekhaya, ngezinqubomgomo zevisa eziklanyelwe ukubhekana nalezi zidingo zabasebenzi.

Umthelela wezomnotho walezi zinhlelo zamavisa mukhulu. Ezifundeni ezincike ekusebenzeni kwabantu abavela kwamanye amazwe, izinhlelo zamavisa zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izimboni zihlala zisebenza ngokuhlinzeka ngokuhlinzeka ngabasebenzi okuqhubekayo. Lokhu, ekugcineni, kugcina amanani ezinzile futhi kunomthelela ekuzinzeni komnotho jikelele.

Ezokuvakasha zingomunye wemikhakha ebaluleke kakhulu kwezomnotho eziningi, futhi izinqubomgomo zamavisa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ukuhamba kwezivakashi zamazwe ngamazwe. Amazwe anezidingo zamavisa ezikhululeke kakhudlwana noma ezilula ngokuvamile akwazi ukuheha abavakashi abaningi, okungaba nezinzuzo ezibalulekile zezomnotho. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazwe anezinqubomgomo zevisa ezinemikhawulo eyengeziwe angabona izivakashi ezimbalwa, okungaba nomthelela omubi embonini yezokuvakasha.

Ezokuvakasha ziwumgqugquzeli omkhulu wokukhula komnotho emazweni amaningi, ezinomthelela ekudaleni amathuba emisebenzi, emalini yokuthola imali yangaphandle, kanye neGDP iyonke. Isibonelo, amazwe afana neThailand, iItaly, neSpain athembele kakhulu kwezokuvakasha, izigidi zezivakashi zithutheleka kulezi zindawo unyaka ngamunye. Ngo2019, ngaphambi kobhadane lweCOVID19, ezokuvakasha zamazwe ngamazwe zakhiqiza amadollar ayizigidi eziyizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu1.7 ezithunyelwa ngaphandle komhlaba, ngokusho kweWorld Tourism Organization (UNWTO.

Izinqubomgomo zeVisa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ezokuvakasha. Amazwe anikeza ukungena kwamavisa mahhala noma amaevisa kubahambi besikhashana ngokuvamile abona izivakashi eziningi, njengoba inqubo yokuthola ivisa ingaba isithiyo esibalulekile kubavakashi abangaba khona. Isibonelo, ukwethulwa kwamaevisa emazweni afana neIndia neVietnam kuholele ekwandeni kwezivakashi zamazwe ngamazwe, okube nesandla ekukhuleni komnotho emikhakheni yabo yezokuvakasha.

Ngokuphambene, izinqubomgomo zevisa ezinemikhawulo zingavimbela izivakashi, ikakhulukazi lezo ezivela ezimakethe ezisafufusa. Isibonelo, abahambi abasuka emazweni anamazinga aphansi wokusebenzelana kwezizwe ngezizwe noma lawo athathwa njengengcuphe ephezulu angase abhekane nezinqubo ezinde neziyinkimbinkimbi zokufaka isicelo sevisa, ezibadikibalisa ekuvakasheleni izindawo ezithile. Lokhu kungaba nomthelela oqondile embonini yezokuvakasha kanye nomnotho obanzi, ikakhulukazi emazweni lapho ezokuvakasha zihamba phambili khona.umnikeli kuGDP.

Izinhlelo zokuhoxiswa kweVisa ziyithuluzi elinamandla lokukhuthaza ezokuvakasha. Lezi zinhlelo zivumela izakhamuzi zamazwe athile ukuba zihambe ngaphandle kwesidingo sevisa, okwenza kube lula futhi kube lula ngabo ukuvakashela. Isibonelo, iEuropean Union's Schengen Area ivumela ukuhamba kwamahhala phakathi kwamazwe angamalungu ayo, okwenza kube lula ukuhamba kwezigidi zezivakashi unyaka ngamunye. Ngokufanayo, iU.S. Visa Waiver Programme ivumela izakhamuzi zamazwe angu39 ukuthi ziye eUnited States ngenxa yezokuvakasha noma ibhizinisi ngaphandle kokuthola ivisa, okusize ukukhulisa ezokuvakasha zamazwe ngamazwe eU.S.

Amazwe angena ezivumelwaneni zokuhoxiswa kwevisa ngokuvamile abona ukwanda kwezokuvakasha, njengoba abavakashi kungenzeka bavakashele izindawo lapho izimfuneko zokungena zingenzima kangako. Lezi zinhlelo futhi zinezinzuzo ezibanzi zezomnotho, njengoba ukwanda kwezokuvakasha kungaholela ekufuneni okukhulu kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo, ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi emikhakheni yezokuvakasha neyokuthengisa, kanye nokukhuphuka kwemali engenayo yentela.

Izinqubomgomo zeVisa nazo zixhumene kakhulu nohwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe. Amavisa ebhizinisi, ikakhulukazi, adlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni uhwebo notshalomali ngokuvumela osomabhizinisi, abaphathi, kanye nabatshalizimali ukuthi bahambele amazwe ngamazwe ngezinjongo zebhizinisi. Amazwe akwenza kube lula kochwepheshe bezamabhizinisi ukuthola amavisa ngokuvamile abona amazinga amakhulu okutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kanye nomsebenzi wokuhweba.

Amavisa ebhizinisi anika amandla ochwepheshe ukuthi bahambele izingqungquthela, baxoxisane ngamadili, futhi basungule ubudlelwano nezinkampani ezikwamanye amazwe. Ngaphandle kwekhono lokuhamba kalula, amathuba amaningi ebhizinisi lamazwe ngamazwe angalahleka, okungase kunciphise ukuhwebelana nokutshalwa kwezimali. Izinqubomgomo zeVisa ezibeka phambili abahambi bebhizinisi, njengokucutshungulwa okusheshayo kwamavisa ebhizinisi noma amavisa okungena okuningi, kungasiza ukukhuthaza ubudlelwano bokuhweba obuqinile phakathi kwamazwe.

Isibonelo, amazwe asingatha imibukiso emikhulu yezohwebo yamazwe ngamazwe noma izingqungquthela ngokuvamile asebenzisa izindlela ezikhethekile zamavisa kubavakashi bebhizinisi, okubavumela ukuthi bathamele le micimbi ngaphandle kwezidingo ezijwayelekile zamavisa. Lokhu kungaholela ekwandeni kohwebo nokutshalwa kwezimali, njengoba amabhizinisi ekwazi ukusungula ukuxhumana futhi ahlole amathuba ezimakethe ezintsha.

Ngaphezu kwamavisa ebhizinisi, amazwe amaningi anikeza amavisa abatshalizimali, avumela abantu bangaphandle ukuthi bathole ubuhlali noma ngisho nokuba isakhamuzi ngokushintshanisa ukutshalwa kwezimali okubalulekile. Lawa mavisa enzelwe ukuheha imali yakwamanye amazwe futhi akhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho. Amavisa abatshalizimali adume kakhulu emazweni afuna ukukhulisa umnotho wawo ngokuthuthukiswa kwezindlu, ukuqaliswa kwebhizinisi, noma amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda.

Isibonelo, uhlelo lwaseUnited Kingdom lweTier 1 Investor Visa luvumela abantu ukuthi batshale inani elikhulu lemali emnothweni waseUK ukuze bathole amalungelo okuba ngumhlali. Ngokufanayo, amazwe anjengePortugal, iSpain, neGreece anikela ngezinhlelo zeGolden Visa, ezinikeza indawo yokuhlala kubantu abatshala izimali ezithengiswayo noma kweminye imikhakha yezomnotho. Lezi zinhlelo zibe yimpumelelo ekuheheni abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe kanye nokuthuthukisa ukukhula komnotho ezindaweni ezibalulekile.

7. Izinselele zeVisa kanye Nokungalingani Kwembulunga yonke

Nakuba izinhlelo zamavisa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukuhamba kwamanye amazwe, zingase futhi zibhebhethekise ukungalingani emhlabeni jikelele. Ikhono lokuhamba noma ukufuduka ngokuvamile linqunywa ubuzwe bomuntu, isimo sezomnotho, kanye nokufinyelela ezinsizeni. Izinqubomgomo zeVisa zingakha imigoqo kubantu abavela emazweni athile noma izizinda zezenhlalo nezomnotho, zikhawulele amathuba abo okuvakasha, imfundo, noma ukusebenza kwamanye amazwe.

Enye yezinselelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ohlelweni lwevisa lomhlaba ukufinyelela okungalingani kokuhamba. Izakhamizi zamazwe acebile, athuthukile zivame ukuba nenkululeko enkulu yokuhamba ngaphandle kwesidingo samavisa, kuyilapho lezo eziphuma emazweni angathuthukile noma azinzile ngokwezombangazwe zibhekana nezithiyo ezinkulu. Lokhu kuhlukaniswa kwamavisa kudala umehluko omkhulu emathubeni atholakala kubantu ngabanye ngokusekelwe ebuzwe babo.

Isibonelo, izakhamizi zamazwe aseEuropean Union noma eNyakatho Melika ngokuvamile zijabulela ukufinyelela kwevisafree noma ivisaonarrival emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele. Ngokuphambene, izakhamuzi zamazwe asezifundeni ezifana neAfrika, Middle East, noma iSouth Asia ngokuvamile zibhekana nezinqubo ezinde neziyinkimbinkimbi zokufaka isicelo sevisa, namazinga aphezulu okunqatshwa. Lo mehluko ukhawulela ikhono labo lokuhambela umsebenzi, imfundo, noma ezokuvakasha, okuqinisa ukungalingani komhlaba.

Izindleko zokuthola ivisa nazo zingaba isithiyo esibalulekile kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi labo abavela emazweni anemali ephansi. Izimali zokufaka isicelo seVisa, ibiometric ukuqoqwa kolwazi, kanye nokuhambela amanxusa noma amanxusa ukuze kuxoxiswane kungahlanganisa, okwenza inqubo ibize ngendlela engafanele kwabanye abantu. Lo mthwalo wezezimali uthinta ngokungafanele abantu abavela emazweni lapho izindleko zokuphila ziphansi khona, okuqhubeka nokukhawulela ukufinyelela kwabo ekuhambeni kwamanye amazwe.

Isibonelo, izindleko zokufaka isicelo sevisa yaseU.S. zingaba amadola angamakhulu ambalwa, okungenzeka kube indawo engafinyeleleki kubantu abavela emazweni anemali engenayo ephansi. Ngokufanayo, izimfuneko zevisa zobufakazi bokusimama kwezezimali noma ukuqashwa zingabashiya ngaphandle abantu abangasebenzi noma abasebenza emnothweni ongakahleleki, ngisho noma benezizathu ezizwakalayo zokuhamba, njengokuvakashela umndeni noma ukufuna ukwelashwa.

Enye inselele ohlelweni lwevisa yomhlaba wonke udaba lokwenqatshwa kwamavisa, okungathinta ngokulinganayo abantu abavela emazweni athile noma amaqembu ezibalo zabantu. Amazinga okunqatshelwa kweVisa avame ukuba phezulu kubafaki bezicelo abavela emazweni anamazinga aphansi okuthuthukiswa komnotho noma amazinga aphezulu okungazinzi kwezombusazwe. Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kungaholela ekubekweni icala lokucwasa noma ukuchema enqubweni yokufaka isicelo sevisa.

Ukwenqatshwa kweVisa kungaba nemiphumela ebucayi kubantu ngabanye, ikakhulukazi labo abafaka izicelo zamavisa ukuze bayofunda noma bayosebenza phesheya. Ukwenqatshelwa kwevisa kungaphazamisa izinhlelo zemfundo, ukuqashwa, noma ukuhlanganisa umndeni, futhi kwezinye izimo, kungaholela ekuvinjweni kwesikhathi eside kokufaka kabusha isicelo sevisa. Emazweni anamazinga aphezulu okunqatshwa, lokhu kungakhawulela amathuba okuba izakhamuzi zawo zibambe iqhaza emnothweni womhlaba noma ukufinyelela ekuhwebeni kwezemfundo namasiko.

8. Ikusasa Lezinhlelo ZeVisa: Amathrendi kanye Nezinto Ezintsha

Njengoba ukuhamba emhlabeni jikelele kuqhubeka nokuvela, izinhlelo zamavisa kuzodingeka zivumelane nezinselele ezintsha namathuba. Amathrendi amaningana abalulekile angase alolonge ikusasa lezinqubomgomo nezinqubo zamavisa, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni okwandayo kobuchwepheshe kuye esidingweni esikhulayo samathalente omhlaba. Ukusungulwa kwezinhlelo zamavisa kuzobaluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomhlaba oshintsha ngokushesha.

Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezakha ikusasa lezinhlelo zamavisa ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokufaka isicelo sevisa. Ukwenziwa kwedijithali, ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI), kanye nobuchwepheshe bebiometric kuguqula indlela amavisa akhishwa ngayo, okwenza inqubo isheshe, ivikeleke kakhudlwana, futhi isebenze kahle kakhudlwana.

Amazwe aya ngokuya emukela amaevisa, avumela abafake izicelo ukuthi baqedele yonke inqubo yevisa kuinthanethi. Lokhu kunciphisa isidingo sokuvakashela mathupha kumanxusa noma kumanxusa futhi kusheshise izikhathi zokucubungula. Amasistimu anamandla eAI nawo ayasetshenziswa ukuze kuhlaziywe izicelo zevisa, ukuhlaba umkhosi ngezinkinga ezingaba khona noma ukungqubuzana nokunciphisa ubungozi bokukhwabanisa.

Idatha yebhayomethrikhi, njengezigxivizo zeminwe noma ukubonwa kobuso, isiba yimfuneko evamile ezicelweni eziningi zevisa. Lobu buchwepheshe busiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amavisa anikezwa abantu abalungile futhi athuthukisa ukuphepha emngceleni. Njengoba izinhlelo zebiometric zithuthuka kakhulu, kungenzeka zidlale indima enkulu nakakhulu ekucutshungulweni kwevisa.

Ekuphenduleni ezidingweni eziguqukayo zezomnotho nezenhlalo, amazwe amaningi ethula izinhlelo zamavisa eziguquguqukayo nezikhethekile. Lezi zinhlelo zakhelwe ukuheha izinhlobo ezithile zabahambi, njengabahambi bedijithali, izisebenzi ezikude, noma osomabhizinisi.

Ngokwesibonelo, ngemuva kobhubhane lweCOVID19, amazwe amaningana ethule amavisa edigital nomad avumela abasebenzi abakude ukuthi bahlale futhi basebenze kwelinye izwe isikhathi eside. Amazwe afana neEstonia, iBarbados, neCroatia aqale izinhlelo ezinjalo ukuze ahehe izisebenzi ezikude ezingakwazi ukufaka isandla emnothweni wendawo ngaphandle kokuthatha imisebenzi kubahlali.

Ngokufanayo, amazwe aya ngokuya ehlinzeka ngamavisa okuqalisa ukuheha osomabhizinisi abafuna ukwethula amabhizinisi ezimakethe ezintsha. Lawa mavisa ahlinzeka ngokukhuthaza kwabasunguli abasha ukuthi basungule izinkampani, badale amathuba emisebenzi futhi baqhubekisele phambili ukukhula komnotho emikhakheni ebalulekile.

Isiphetho

Uhlelo lwamavisa womhlaba luyisimo sezwe esiyinkimbinkimbi futhi esishintshayo, esakhiwe izinto eziningi ezihlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ukuhwebelana kwembulunga yonke, ukufuduka, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nokuguquguquka kwezwe. Izinqubomgomo zeVisa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ukuhamba kwabantu beqa imingcele, kube nomthelela ezimakethe zabasebenzi, ezokuvakasha, ezohwebo, kanye nobudlelwano bamazwe ngamazwe.

Njengoba umhlaba uxhumeka kakhulu, isidingo samavisa cishe sizoqhubeka sikhula. Ohulumeni kuzodingeka baguqule izinhlelo zabo zamavisa ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezishintshayo zabahambi, amabhizinisi, kanye nabokufika kuyilapho bebhekana nezinselele zokuphepha, ukungalingani, kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho.

Izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe, ezifana namaevisa, izinhlelo zebiometric, nokucubungula okuqhutshwa yiAI, sezivele ziguqula izinqubo zesicelo sevisas, okwenza isebenze kahle futhi ivikeleke. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlelo zamavisa eziguquguqukayo zezisebenzi ezikude, osomabhizinisi, kanye nabatshalizimali zisiza amazwe ukuthi ahehe ithalente nemali edingekayo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula komnotho.

Nokho, izinselele ezibalulekile zisekhona, ikakhulukazi mayelana nokungalingani komhlaba wonke kanye nokufinyelela ekuhambeni. Njengoba izinhlelo zamavisa ziqhubeka nokuthuthuka, kuzobaluleka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zibandakanya wonke umuntu futhi ziyalingana, kunikeze amathuba abantu abavela kuzo zonke izizinda ukuze babambe iqhaza emnothweni womhlaba futhi baphishekele izifiso zabo ngaphesheya kwemingcele.